随着城市拆迁力度的不断加大，拆迁规划区内苗木的大量存在，严重制约着拆迁工作的顺利进行，对苗木进行科学、真实、公正的评估显得尤为重要，它既关系着拆迁户的切身利益，也影响着城市建设的整体进度。城镇化的快速发展，必然导致城市用地的快速置换。近年来，笔者参与了互助县城市拆迁中苗木评估。现就苗木评估时的注意事项总结如下，以供相关人员共同探讨。

With the continuous increase in urban demolition efforts, the large number of seedlings in the demolition planning area seriously restricts the smooth progress of demolition work. It is particularly important to conduct a scientific, truthful, and fair evaluation of seedlings, which not only concerns the vital interests of the demolition households, but also affects the overall progress of urban construction. The rapid development of urbanization will inevitably lead to the rapid replacement of urban land. In recent years, the author has participated in the evaluation of seedlings during urban demolition in Huzhu County. The following is a summary of the precautions to be taken during seedling evaluation for relevant personnel to discuss together.

1、苗木评估人员的确定

1. Determination of Nursery Evaluation Personnel

评估人员专业素质的高低，直接影响着苗木评估工作的质量。评估人员的的选择主要从以下几个方面进行：一是参与苗木评估的工作人员要有较扎实的林业经济专业知识和具有丰富的乡土树种苗木经营、利用、管理的实践知识。二是参与苗木评估的工作人员要有良好的职业道德。牢固树立“为民造福、为政府争光、为城建做贡献”的思想，树立牢固的世界观、人生观、价值观，强化与城市拆迁工作同命运的责任感。三是参与评估的工作人员要有较强的法制观念。认真遵循拆迁的法律法规，不评人情苗，不搞特权事，经受住各种诱惑和不正之风的考验。不以权谋私，徇私枉法，使评估工作科学化、规范化、制度化。

The professional quality of evaluators directly affects the quality of seedling evaluation work. The selection of evaluators is mainly based on the following aspects: firstly, the staff participating in the seedling evaluation should have solid professional knowledge in forestry economics and rich practical knowledge in the management, utilization, and management of local tree species seedlings. Secondly, the staff involved in seedling evaluation should have good professional ethics. Firmly establish the idea of "benefiting the people, winning glory for the government, and contributing to urban construction", establish a solid worldview, outlook on life, and values, and strengthen the sense of responsibility that shares the same fate as urban demolition work. Thirdly, the staff participating in the evaluation should have a strong legal awareness. Seriously abide by the laws and regulations of demolition, do not discriminate against people, do not engage in privileged activities, and withstand various temptations and tests of misconduct. Do not abuse power for personal gain, bend the law for personal gain, and make evaluation work scientific, standardized, and institutionalized.

2 苗木价格的构成

Composition of 2 seedling prices

笔者根据多年苗木生产、营销的经验认为，苗木价格的构成主要包括以下几个方面：一是苗木的市场因素。物以稀为贵，市场供求关系对苗木的价格有直接影响，在小规格苗木和新品种上体现尤为明显。二是苗木的树形特征。主要包括苗木的干径大小、树冠的形态、树木的长势等。三是苗木的特殊性。苗木种植由于受地块、水分、出苗率等一些因素影响，苗木数量的确定较为特殊。四是政府调控因素。政府部门有法律权限对特定的苗木价格进行宏观调控。

Based on years of experience in seedling production and marketing, the author believes that the composition of seedling prices mainly includes the following aspects: firstly, market factors of seedlings. Rare things are precious, and the market supply and demand relationship has a direct impact on the price of seedlings, which is particularly evident in small-sized seedlings and new varieties. The second is the tree like characteristics of seedlings. Mainly including the diameter of seedlings, the shape of tree crowns, and the growth of trees. The third is the particularity of seedlings. The determination of the number of seedlings for seedling planting is quite unique due to factors such as plot, moisture, and emergence rate. The fourth factor is government regulation. Government departments have the legal authority to macroeconomic regulate the prices of specific seedlings.

3 苗木价格的确定

3 Determination of seedling prices

根据苗木价格的构成因素，在对苗木评估之前，苗木评估人员要对苗木市场进行广泛的调查和研究，根据当下苗木的市场走势和苗木本身价格组成，兼顾当地政府指导的苗木价格的宏观政策，制定出既让政府满意，又能满足大部分拆迁户利益的苗木补偿价格，提供给有关部门。

Based on the composition factors of seedling prices, before evaluating seedlings, seedling evaluators need to conduct extensive investigations and research on the seedling market. Based on the current market trend and price composition of seedlings, and taking into account the macro policies of local government guidance on seedling prices, they should formulate a compensation price for seedlings that satisfies the government and meets the interests of most demolition households, and provide it to relevant departments.

4 苗木数量的确定

4 Determination of the number of seedlings

由于受经济利益的驱使，在规划拆迁区内有大量的苗木存在是一个不争的事实。怎样来确定成片苗木的数量;笔者根据经验建议，对于苗木种植面积较小地块，适合用样方进行测定。在苗木区内选取苗木高度、密度较为均匀且具有一定代表性的地段，划定1 m×1 m的样方地进行苗木测定。样方地的设定数量以苗木种植面积的大小而确定，一般不少于5个。对于苗木种植面积较大的地块，适合用样带进行测定。苗木种植面积较大的地块，根据现场实际，要设定株行距较为均匀，又具有代表性的地段进行样带测定，样带宽度一般为2.0~2.5 m，带与带之间的距离保持在6~8 m，样带长度以实际苗木种植面积的边界为长，且样带的长度要基本相同。对珍稀苗木的测定，要利用逐个编号法进行清点。

It is an undeniable fact that there are a large number of seedlings in the planned demolition area driven by economic interests. How to determine the quantity of seedlings in patches; Based on experience, the author suggests that for plots with small seedling planting areas, it is suitable to use sample plots for measurement. Select a representative area with uniform height and density of seedlings in the nursery area, and designate a 1 m × 1 m sample plot for seedling measurement. The number of sample plots is determined by the size of the nursery planting area, generally not less than 5. For plots with large planting areas for seedlings, it is suitable to use sample strips for measurement. For plots with a large planting area for seedlings, according to the actual site conditions, representative sections with uniform spacing between plants should be set up for strip testing. The width of the strip is generally 2.0-2.5 meters, and the distance between strips should be kept between 6-8 meters. The length of the strip should be based on the boundary of the actual planting area for seedlings, and the length of the strip should be basically the same. The determination of rare seedlings should be counted using the individual numbering method.

5 苗木补偿协议书的签订

Signing of the compensation agreement for 5 seedlings

苗木补偿协议书的签订，是整个苗木拆迁补偿工作*重要的一个环节，整个工作的结果在协议书中才能体现出来。因此，补偿协议书的签订要慎之又慎，主要内容包括：一是协议书。包括：苗木拆迁补偿的事由、苗木补偿的有关标准和依据、苗木补偿的内容和数量的确定、补偿金额和补偿金支付方式、苗木的安置和移除时间、法律责任、协议书签订和签订日期、协议双方盖章签字。二是苗木补偿登记表。包括：苗木种类、大小、数量、单价、现场测量人员、复核人员、部门领导审核、苗木权属人签字、测量时间。三是苗木现状地形图。指目前拆迁的现状地形图，在地形图上勾画出拆迁苗木的范围，图上要有经办人员、苗木权属人签名。四是苗木权属证明。即在勾画出的地形图加盖村小组公章，证明权属。五是拆迁补偿标准表。要有权属人签名，同时按右手大拇指手印。六是付款审批表。要有权属人签名，同时按右手大拇指手印;还需主管部门领导审批意见，签名并加盖公章。

The signing of the nursery compensation agreement is an important part of the entire nursery demolition compensation work, and the results of the entire work can only be reflected in the agreement. Therefore, the signing of the compensation agreement should be extremely cautious, and the main contents include: firstly, the agreement. Including: reasons for compensation for seedling demolition, relevant standards and basis for seedling compensation, determination of content and quantity of seedling compensation, compensation amount and payment method, placement and removal time of seedlings, legal responsibilities, signing and signing date of the agreement, and signatures of both parties. The second is the registration form for seedling compensation. Including: seedling type, size, quantity, unit price, on-site measurement personnel, review personnel, department leader review, signature of seedling owner, measurement time. The third is the topographic map of the current situation of seedlings. A topographic map of the current demolition situation, outlining the scope of the demolished seedlings on the map, with signatures from the handling personnel and the owners of the seedlings. The fourth is the certificate of ownership of seedlings. Stamp the village group seal on the topographic map to prove ownership. The fifth is the compensation standard table for demolition. The owner's signature is required, and the fingerprint of the right thumb should be pressed at the same time. The sixth is the payment approval form. Must have the signature of the property owner and the fingerprint of the right thumb; The approval opinion, signature, and official seal of the competent department leader are still required.

6 苗木的安置

Placement of 6 seedlings

补偿协议签订完成后对苗木的安置，虽然与评估人员已无太大关系，但因为评估价格的性质和价格大小也对苗木安置产生一定的影响。苗木安置一般分为2种：以市场价格进行的评估，由政府或委托方进行收购后安置。以搬迁价格进行的评估，由被拆迁方对苗木进行自行处理。笔者在对苗木安置进行调查中发现，同一批苗木经过多次搬迁而多次进行评估的现象依然存在，此现象已经成为苗木补偿中一条灰色的产业链，对各方面的危害极大，希望引起有关部门和人员的关注。

After the completion of the compensation agreement, the placement of seedlings may not have much to do with the evaluators, but the nature and magnitude of the evaluation price also have a certain impact on the placement of seedlings. There are generally two types of seedling placement: evaluation based on market prices and placement after purchase by the government or commissioned party. The evaluation based on the relocation price shall be carried out by the demolished party to dispose of the seedlings themselves. In the investigation of seedling placement, the author found that the phenomenon of the same batch of seedlings being relocated multiple times and evaluated multiple times still exists. This phenomenon has become a gray industry chain in seedling compensation, which poses great harm to all aspects. It is hoped that relevant departments and personnel will pay attention to it.

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